Engine starting apparatus



Dec. '24, 1940. T, D, JOECK 2,225,636

ENGIN STARTING APPARATUS Filed July 30, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 24, 1940. T. D. JoEcK ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Filed July 30, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR BY lvowds .Jaw/9 WJ ATTORNEY Dec. 24, 1940. T, D- Jorg- CKl ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Filed July 50, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR BY 17m/wcm@ Jew/n,

ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 24, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT oEFIcE 2,225,636 ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Application July 30, 1932, Serial No. 626,520

Claims.

This invention relates, generally, to the starting of internal combustion engines; and the invention has reference, more particularly, to a novel engine starting apparatus especially adapted for use in connection with the starting of automotive engines. Certain of the subject matter disclosed herein is being claimed in my copending application Serial No. 12,890.

Heretofore, in starting cold internal combustion engines of the automotive type, considerable skill has been required in order to manually operate the starting button or pedal, the choke, and the heater in the proper manner and sequence when prompt starting is desired.

15 The principal object ofthe present invention vis to provide a novel engine starting apparatus. which is adapted to greatly reduce the number of manual operations heretofore necessary in starting a cold engine.

Another object of the present invention lies in the provision of a novel engine starting apparatus which is operable to start the engine with the greatest facility and speed, the said apparatus enabling inexperienced persons to start a cold engine as readily and quickly as one having x experience.

lStill another object of the present invention is to provide'a novel engine starting apparatus of the above character having means for insuring a proper throttle opening during the starting operation, the said apparatus being operable upon the turning of the ignition switch to automatically choke and start the engine.

Still another object of the present invention lies in the provision of a novel engine starting apparatus having means for insuring a proper minimum throttle opening-when the engine is running cold, thereby preventing the accidental stalling of the engine due to premature movement of the throttle to normal idling position.

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a novel engine starting apparatus having means for preventing the starting of the starting motor except when the engine is at rest.

Other objects of this invention, not at this time more particularly enumerated, will be clearly understood from the following detailed description of the same.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary view in elevation, with parts broken away, of an internal combustion engine equipped with the novel engine starting apparatus of the present invention, the parts of the said apparatus being shown in the positions assumed by these parts when the engine is cold and at rest.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view in end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view with parts 'broken away of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 3, the parts being shown in the positions assumed thereby during the operation of the starting motor at the starting of the engine.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional view taken along line 5--5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Fig. 1, but illustrates the automati- 15 caly operating choke piston and associated parts in the positions assumed by these members during the normal running of the engine.

Figs. '1 and 1l are wiring diagrams showing the electric circuits involved. 20

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view in elevation illustrating a somewhat modified form of the construction.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side view of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 8; and 25 Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 of another modified form of construction.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of the above described views to indicate corresponding parts. 30

Referring now to said drawings, the reference numeral i designates an internal combustion engine of the automotive type which is illus- `trated as equipped with the novel engine starting apparatus of the present invention. The reference numeral 2 designates the exhaust manifold of the engine i, whereas the reference numeral 3 designates the intake manifold. A down draft carburetor 4 having a float chamber 6 and a throttle valve 6, is illustrated as connected to the top of the intake manifold 3.

According to the preferred form of the invention, a hollow cylindrical, open ended choke casing 'l has its lower end attached to the intake end of carburetor l. Choke casing 1 is provided internally with a choke by-pass valve 8 that is adapted to close the upper end of this casing. Choke by-pass valve 8 has an operating lever 9 connected to the upper end of a depending link l0. Link I0 in turn is connected lat its lower end to the upper end of a second depending link Il. The lower end of link Il is connected to the operating arm l2 of a thermostat I3 of the well known spiral type. When the engine becomes warm in use, the operating arm ing 1 is closed at its top and is formed with an air inlet opening I1 at its bottom, which air inlet opening is adaptedto be closed by the choke valve I6 when the engineis at rest or at the point of starting. Choke valve I6 is provided with a vertically upstanding stem- I8 which has a pneumatic piston I9 secured to its upper endb` for reciprocation in the upper part of casing portion I4.

The top of casing portion I4 is connected by piping 20 to the intake manifold 3 so that suction created in the intake manifold by the'starting of the engine will 'cause the raising of pneumatic piston I9 and hence will effect the lifting of choke valvev I6 off of its seat, thereby opening the air inlet opening I 1 and permitting air to enter the carburetor by way of casing portion I4, passage I5 and casingv 1. A itting 2I is illustrated as included in'the piping 20, which ntting provides a ball check valve 22 and a branch pipe 23 adapted to be connected to a vacuum Dump (not shown) which is suitably driven from the engine in a mannerwell Vknown to those skilled in the art. The tting 2| would only be used in those cases where the engine is equipped with a vacuum pump. The use of the fitting 2I in connection with a vacuum pump will insure enogh suction being applied to pneumatic piston I9 at all times during the, running of the engine so as to retain choke valve I6 in its raised position. 1 Choke casing portion or extension I4 has `a transversely extending pin or stud 25'projecting laterally therefrom. A switch, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 26, having a built-up housing 21 of'insulating material, is mounted upon the stud 25. 'I'he side walls of the insulating housing 21 are apertured to receive the stud 25. Set screws 28 are threaded into the side walls of housing 21 for engaging stud 25 to thereby lock the housing 21 in desired angularly adjusted position uponl stud 25. A cam collar 29 is turnably mounted upon stud 25 within housing 21. Cam collar 29 has'a transverse cam groove 30 in the peripheral portion thereof for cooperating with a boss 3| provided on a switch arm 32.

Switch arm 32 is pivotally mounted onv a pin 33 carried bythe side walls of casing 21. A leaf spring 34 is contained within the housing-21 and urges the switch arm 32 toward cam collar 29 so that boss 3l will be held in engagement with the peripheral surface of this cam collar. In the event that cam groove 3l)y moves into register with the boss 3|, this boss will snap into the cam groove 30, thereby causing a. movable contact 35, carried by the free end of switch arm 32, to engage a stationary contact screw 36. vA lead 31 is connected to a terminal screw 38, whlch vin turn, engages the leaf spring 34. The stationary contact screw 36 is electrically connected by a terminal screw 39 to another lead 46.

Cam collar 29 Jhas a stud 4I secured thereto, which stud projects outwardly through a slot 42 provided in the housing 21. 'I'he outer end portion of stud 4I is pivotally connected to the upper end of a dependinglink 43, the lower end of which link is pivotally connected to the upper end portion 44 of another depending link 45. The upper end portion 44 of link 45 is also pivotally connected to the operating arm 46 of the throttle valve 6. The lower end portion of link 45 in turn is pivotally connected to 'a lever system 41 that leads to the throttle operating lever and/or pedal (not shown) of the automotive vehicle in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The throttle valve stem 48 has an arcuate member 49 secured thereto (see especially Fig. 4), which arcuate member carries motion limiting screws 56 and 5I which are adapted to engage the oppositesides of a stop projection 52 formed on the carburetor to thereby limit the closing and opening movements of the throttle valve 6.

A segmental stop plate member 54 is fixed to the rear end of a shaft 55 adjacent stop projection 52 (see especially Figs. 3 to 5). Shaft 55 is journaled ina bearing 56 carried by the ,stop projection 52. The forward end of shaft 55 has an arm 51 fixed thereto, which arm is pivotally connected at its` outer end to the point of juncture of links I6 and II so that when these links are actuated by the thermostat I3, the arm 51 is also actuated to turn segmental stop plate 54.

The stop plate member 54 is so disposed with respect tothe motionlimiting screw 50 as to underlie this screw when the engine is cold, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings, at which time this plate member serves to hold the motion limiting screw 56 somewhat away from stop projection 52, thereby providing for a greater throttle opening when the engine is idling cold. When the engine warmsup, however, thermostat I3 operates to eifect the turning of the segmental plate 54 from under the motion limiting screw 56.' Thus, arm I2 of this thermostat turns counterclockwise (see Fig. 1) as the engine warms up, causing link II to move upwardly and. effecting clockwise movement of arm 51 so that the stop plate 54 also moves clockwise and outwardly from under the end oi limiting screw 56. The large idling throttle opening provided by the presence of stop plate member 54 when the engine is running cold, prevents the accidental stalling of the engine due to too lean a fuel mixture.

A switch, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 58, is mounted upon the choke casing portion or extension I4. As especially shown in Figs. 4 and 6, this switch 58 comprises a fitting 59 that is threaded into an aperture provided in the wall of choke casing extension I4. A cylindrlcal insulating housing 60 has its inner end which collar is retained in place within said housing as by a screw 62. The central aperture of collar 6I serves as a bearing support for the outer end portion of a plunger 63. Plunger 63 extends longitudinally within the hollow interior of housing 66 and has an annular flange G4 formed thereon for cooperating with a metallic ring member 65 that is ixed within housing 60 A coil compression spring 66 is contained within housing 6I) in surrounding relation to the plunger 63 and bears at one end against the collar 6I and at its other end against the flange 64, thereby tending to urge the flange 64 into engagement withring member 65. Plunger 63 has a cylindrical head 61 secured thereto, though insulated therefrom by an insulating sleeve 66 that` is interposed between a reduced end portion of plunger 63 and the wall of a receiving recess provided in the head 61, which receiving recess is adapted to tightly receive the insulating sleeve 66.

Head 61 of plunger 63 is adapted to reciprocate slightly within the iitting 59, which iitting serves as a guide bearing for the head 61. With the annular iiange 64 of plunger 63 in engagement with ring member 65, under the action of spring 66, the inner end portion oi!l head 61 projects slightly into the interior of casing portion or extension I4, as especially shown in Fig. 4. In this gure the choke valve or piston I6 is illustrated in its lower position and in closing relation to the air inlet opening I1. After the engine has started and the choke valve I6rises in casing portion I4 due to engine suction exerted on pneu`--\ I9, and this choke valve moves into i matic piston engagement with the inner end of head 61 of plunger 63 and serves to move this plunger outwardly somewhat and into the position shown in Fig. 6, in which position the spring 66 is compressed and flange 64 is out o! engagement with stationary ring member 65.

A terminal screw 69 is threaded into collar 6I and has the lead 31 connected thereto. A second terminal screw 16 is threaded into the stationary ring member 65 and has a lead 1I connected thereto. When the choke valve I6 is in its lower position, as shown in Fig, 4, annular iiange 64 is in Vengagement with ring member 65 so that a circuit may pass through lead 31, terminal screw 69, plunger 63, flange 64, metallic ring member 65 and terminal screw 10 to lead1l.l This circuit will be broken by the rising of valve I6 which will act to press the head 61 of plunger 63 outwardly, thereby breaking the connection between flange 64 and ring member 65.

A typical starting motor circuit which may be employed when using the engine starting apparatus of this invention, In this gure, the battery 12 is adapted'to supply starting current through lead 13 and solenoid relay 14 to the starting motor 15. A control circuit for the solenoid relay 14 comprises a lead 16 which extends from the battery 12` to ignition switch 11. Ignition switch 11 is connected by lead 46 to terminal screw 39 of switch 26. Terminal screw 36 of switch 26 is connected by lead 31 to the terminal screw connected to collar 6I of switch .56. Ring member 65 of switch 56 is connected through lead 1I to the' solenoid 16 of the solenoid relay 14.

In use, assuming that the engine I is cold and at rest and that it is desired to start the same. To start the engine the operator merely closes the ignition switch 11. The choke valve I6 is in its lower position, shown in Fig. 1, thereby closing the air inlet aperture I1 and the switch 56 is closed. If switch 26 is also closed, a circuit will be completed for the solenoid 16 of solenoid relay 14. In order for the switch 26 to be closed, it is necessary that the proper amount oi throttle for starting be given to the engine, or, in other words, it is essential that the throttle valve be open a predetermined amount to obtain the quickest starting. If the starting motor does not start upon the turning on of the ignition key, the operator will know that the throttle valve is not properly set for starting and he will move the throttle lever so as to adjust the throttle valve 6. During this adjustment of the throttle lever, the link 43 is moved, thereby turning/the cam collar 29 of is illustrated in Fig. '1.v

switch 26 so that boss 3I will enter cam groove 36 at the same instance that the proper throttle opening is obtained, therebyclosing the circuit through switch 26.

The casing 21 of switch 26 is angularly ad- 5 justable on the stud 25 so as to thereby enable this switch to close when the proper throttle valve opening is obtained for starting. If the operator does not have the proper throttle'valve opening when he inserts the key, the engine will not start, 10 and it becomes merely necessary for him to move his throttle lever Vuntil the engine does start, or in other words, until the boss 3I snaps into cam groove 36, at which time movable contact 35 engages stationary contact 36 ofswitch 26. The 15 control circuit (see Fig. '1) will be from battery 12 by way of lead 16,v ignition switch 11, lead 46, terminal screw 39, switch arm 32, terminal screw 36, lead 31, collar 6I, plunger 63, ring member 65, lead 1 I, solenoid 16 to ground. The energization 20 of -solenoid 16 will cause the closure of solenoid relay 14, thereby completing a circuit for the starting motor 15 by way of lead 13.

As soon as the engine starts, the suction created in intake manifold will serve to raise pneumatic piston I9 and hence choke valve I6 within the extension I4, The raising of the choke valve I6 serves to permit the entrance of air by way of inlet opening I1, extension I4, passage I5 and choke casing 1 to the carburetor 4. As choke valve I6 rises upon the starting of the engne, it engages the head 61 of plunger 63 of switch 56, thereby pressing this plunger outwardly and effecting the opening of switch 56, thereby deenergizing solenoid 16 and opening the 35 starting motor circuit. The engine is now running cold and if the same should tend to stall, the choke valve I6 will immediately fall downwardly due to decreased suction in the intake manifold, thereby eiecting the reclosing of the switch 56 so that the starting motor will automatically start again to crank the engine provided the throttle valve is in proper position for starting. Thus, during the starting operation of the engine, the novel starting apparatus of this invention will serve to automatically choke the engine and control the operation of the starting motor until the engine is under way.

With the engine running cold, if the operator 50 should decide to idle the engine and hence moves the throttle lever to idling position, the segmental stop plate member 54, by stopping the motion of screw 56'in advance of stop 52, serves to establish the idling position of the throttle valve 6 while 55 the engine is running cold, thereby providing a somewhat larger throttle valve opening than normally, and effectively preventing the stalling of the engine. After the engine warms up, the thermostat I3, acting through its operating arm I2, 60 will eiiect the raising of links II and I6, thereby opening choke by-pass valve 8 and permitting air to enter carburetor 4 directly through cylindrical choke casing 1 so as to by-pass the choke valve I6. As link II moves upwardly, the arm 51 is 65 turned in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig, l, so as to effect the removal of stop plate 54 from under motion limiting screw 56, thereby permitting the operator to thereafter idle the engine with the screw 56 engaging stop 52, or, in other 70 words, with the engine idling with the throttle in normal idling position.

During the normal running of the engine, the choke valve I6 will be held in its upper position, shown in Fig. `6, in which position switch 56 is 75 3, acting through piping 26, 25*

open, so that the starting motor circuit is also open. Whenthe engine is not equipped with a vacuum pump and hencevtheiltting 2| is not used, there are times when the suction in the intake manifold 3 will decrease to auch a low value that the choke valve I8 will fall, thereby permitting switch 58 to close. Thus, when the engine is running under heavy load with the throttle open wide or when the throttle is opened suddenly, the vacuum in the intake manifold will drop resulting in the falling oi' choke valve I8. The closing oi' switch 5.8 would'automatically eiect the completion of the starting motor circuit were it not for the switch 28 connected to the throttle, which switch is open except when the throttle is opened a predetermined small amount, as during starting. Thus. when the engine is running at a heavy load with the throttle wide open, or when the throttle is opened suddenly, the switch 26 will be open because boss 3| will be riding on the periphery of cam collar 29 at such times and will not be in engagement with cam groove 30 (see dot and dash lines of Fig. 4) It will be remembered that cam groove 30 is so adjusted with respect to throttle valve 6 and to the boss 3| as to engage boss 3| when the throttle valve 6 is open but a limited amount for the starting operation. Thus, the

' use of switch 26y in conjunction with switch 58 effectively prevents the accidental starting oi the starting motor when the engine is running.

When the'engine is equipped -with a vacuum pump, this pump will always maintain a suficient vacuum in the upper portion of choke casing extension i4 to retain choke valve i6 in its raised position, in which position the switch 58 is held open. When such an engine is operating under wide throttle opening, even though the vacuum should fall in the intake manifold, the vacuum pump will serve to retain the choke valve in raised position, so that there is no possibility of the starting circuit being closed. In such case, the-switch 25 ymay be omitted altogether, if desired, in which case, switch 58 will be connected directlyato the ignition switch as by a lead 31' (see Fig. 11) and the engine could be started regardless of the position of the throttle lever and throttle valve. When the engine is not provided with a vacuum pump, however, it is very necessary to use switch 26 or an equivalent structure, so as to prevent the accidental starting of the starting motor while the engine is running.

If desired, the switch 26 may be omitted when using the starting apparatus of the present invention on an engine not equipped with a vacuum pump, provided means is used to prevent the accidental falling of choke valve I5 while the engine is running. Such a means is disclosed inV Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings, wherein the switch 26 is replaced by a latch 80 which is pivoted upon a pivotal pin 8| that is carried by a bracket 82 attached to the choke cylinder extension I4. A torsion spring 83 encircles the pin 8| and has one end connected to the latch and its other end connected to the upper endvof a vertical link 84. The lower end of link 84 is connected by a second link 85 to one end of a lever 86 that is illustrated as turnably mounted upon the throttle valve stem 48. The other end of lever 86 is pivotally connected to the depending link 45 which is connected as before through lever system 41 to the throttle .lever or pedal of the vehicle. When the throttle lever or pedal is moved to idling position, the link '45 is moved upwardly, thereby turning lever 88 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 9, and causing link 84 to move downwardly, in which position the latch 80 assumes the dot and dash line position shown in Fig. 8. The choke valve I8 can now fall into closing relation to the opening I1 should the engine be stopped.

Upon restarting the engine, the choke valve I8 will again rise to the full line position shown in Fig. 8, thereby uncovering the opening |1 and effecting the opening of switch 58 to cut oil the starting motor, as previously described. As the throttle valve is opened during the running of the engine, the link 45 is moved downwardly, thereby causing link 84 to move upwardly, re-

sulting in the turning of latch 80 inwardlyv the same will be stopped in its downward movement by the supporting action of the latch 80. which will hold the choke valve in the dot and dash line position shown in Fig. 8. The latch 80 will hold the choke valve 6 at a point where the same serves to still retain the switch 58 in open position, thereby preventing the closure of the starting motor-control circuit. In the event that latch 80 should be projected into opening 81 when choke valve i6 is down, this latch will not prevent the subsequent upward movement of the choke valve for the choke valve can ride up and over the latch 80 by reiiecting torsion spring 83. Thus, for example, if the engine should be started with a wide throttle opening and consequently with latch 80 projecting inwardly through opening 81, the choke valve i6 can nevertheless rise by riding over the beveled portion of latch 80 and forcing this latch outwardly.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 10, a latch 90 is also used for preventing the falling oi' choke valve i8 during the running of the engine. Latch 90 is controlled in its operation by the oil pre'ssure created in the engine oil circulat ing system while the engine is running. Latch 90 is pivoted upon a pin 9| which is carried by a bracket 92 attached to the casing extension 4. Oil pressure from the oil circulating system oi.' the engine is conveyed by a pipe 93 to a diaphragm casing 94 having a diaphragm 95 therewithin. The pressure of the oil supply by pipe 93, acting upon diaphragm 95, tendsto move this diaphragm towards the latch 90.

A plunger 96 operates within a cylindrical extension 91 provided on the diaphragm casing 94 and has one end thereof connected to the diaphragm 95. The other end portion of plunger 96 is reduced and is surrounded by a coil compression spring 98 which opposes the oil pressure acting upon diaphragm and which serves to return the diaphragm 95 to a central position within casing 94 when the-oil pressure ceases upon the stopping of the engine. Plunger 95 has a cylindrical interior recess 99 within which a small piston |00 is adapted to move. A light compression spring |0| tends to urge piston |00 outwardly of recess 99. Piston |00 has a stem |02 projecting outwardly through an aperture provided in the end of cylindrical extension 91. The outer end of stem |02 is pivotally connected to latch 90 for operating this latch. l In this form of the invention, after the engine starts and as long as the engine continues to run, the oil pressure exerted upon diaphragm 95 will serve to press plunger 98 toward the latch 90 and will cause spring llll to urge piston lll outwardly so that the latter causes latch 90 to project inwardly through an opening |03 provided in the side wall of casing extension I4. Thus, in the event that the choke valve I6 should tend to fall during the operation of the engine, as when the throttle is opened Wide during heavy load periods, the latch 90 will nevertheless serve to prevent the falling of this choke sufficiently to close switch 58 so that this switch is held opened. Thus, this switch 58 is held open at all times during engine operation. The presence of spring llll permits latch 90 to yield in the event that the choke valve I6 moves upwardly past this latch.

It willbe apparent that the novel engine starting apparatus of this invention enables the lautomatic starting of the engine upon the mere turning of the ignition key, the said apparatus serving to properly chke the engine regardless of the temperature or weather conditions, and to also control the action of the starting motor so that the said motor does not run after the engine is started. Also, means is provided to prevent'the starting of the starting motor during all operations of the engine; but, should the engine stall at any time, the starting motor will be immediately energized to effect the restarting of the engine;

It will be apparent that the piston I6 need not be used as a choke valve, but could be mounted in a cylinder, such as the cylinder extension Il, at any point desired, which may be near or remote with respect to the carburetor 4, and yet this piston would nevertheless serve as a means for controlling the operation of the switch 58. Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 6.

Certain features disclosed but not claimed herein are claimed in my copending application Serial No. 12,890 iiled March 25, 1935, as a division of the instant application.

What is claimed is:

1. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the operation of the engine, a carburetor throttle valve, and switch means connected in'said starting motor circuit, said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke and throttle valves for controlling the completion and interruption of said starting motor circuit.

2. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the operation of the engine, a' carburetor throttle valve,"

and switch means connected in said starting motor circuit for controlling the completion and interruption of said circuit, one switch of said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke valve and another switch of said switch means response to movement of said 4throttle valve.

3. In arr engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the operation of .the engine, a carburetor throttle valve, and switch means connected in said starting motor circuit for controlling the completion and interruption of said circuit, one switch of said switch means being operable in 'response to movement of said choke valve and another switch of said switch means being operable in response to movement of said throttle valve, said rst named switch being closed upon the closing being operable inv of said choke valve and said second named switch portion being closed upon the partial closure of said throttle valve.

4. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor `choke valve responsive to the operation of the engine, and switch means connected in said starting motor circuit, said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke valve.

5. In an engine starting apparatus o! the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke vvalve responsive to the operation of the engine, switch means connected in said starting motor` circuit, said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke valve for controlling the completion and interruption of said starting motor circuit, and means operable from theV engine throttle and cooperating with said switch means for aiding in controlling the completion and interruption of said starting motor circuit.

6. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the'operation of the engine, a switch being normally biased to closed position and being arranged to be moved to open position upon the opening of said choke valve, a second switch connected in said starting motor circuit, said second switch begin normally in open position and arranged to close upon movement of the engine throttle to a predetermined starting position.

' '7. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a pneumatically operated carburetor choke valve responsive to suction developed by the operation of the engine, a switch connected in said starting motor circuit, spring means for biasing said switch to closed position, said switch being arranged to be moved to open position against the tension of said spring means upon the opening of said choke valve, and a second switch connected in said starting motor circuit and arranged to be closed upon movement of the engine throttle valve to a predetermined starting position.

8. In an engine-starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the operation of the engine, a switch connected in said starting motor circuit, said switch being arranged to be moved to open position by the action of said carburetor choke valve in moving to open position, and latch means arranged to be projected into the path of movement of said choke valve during the operation of the engine for preventing the closing of said switch.

9. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a pneumatically operated carburetor choke valve responsive to suction developed by the operation of the engine, a switch connected in said starting motor circuit, spring means for biasing said switch to closed position, said switch being arranged to be moved to open position by said choke valve and against the tension of said spring means upon the opening of said choke valve, and latch means connected to the engine throttle valve and arranged to be projected into the path of movement of said choke valve, when said throttle valve is opened lwith the engine running, to prevent the closure of said choke valve and thereby prevent the closure of said switch during the running of the engine.

1,0. In an engine starting apparatus of the charsponsive to suction developed by the operation ofacter described, a starting motor circuit, a pneumatically operated carburetor choke valve reature of the engine for controlling the operation of said choke by-pass valve, a switch connected in said starting motor circuit, spring means for biasing said switch to closed position, said switch being arranged to be moved to open position by said choke valve and against the tension of said @ring means upon the openingiof said choke valve, and latch means connected to the engine throttle valve and arranged to be projected into the path of movement oi' said choke valve, when said throttle valve is opened with the engine running, to prevent the closure of said choke valve and thereby prevent the closure of said switch during the running oi' the engine.

11. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a carburetor, a choke valve for said carburetor, said choke valve being operated by suction derived from the operation of the engine, a throttle valve for said carburetor, stop means for determining the normal idling position of said throttle valve, additional stop means for determining the idling position of said throttle valve when the engine is cold as during the starting of the engine, a starting motor circuit, a switch included in said starting motor circuit, said switch being biased to closed position and being arranged to be opened by said choke valve when the latter moves to open position.

12. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a carburetor, a choke valve for said carburetor, said choke valve being operated -by suction derived from the 4operation of the engine, a throttle valve for said carburetor, stop means for determining the normal idling position of said throttle valve, additional stop means for determining the idling position of said throttle valve when the engine is cold as during the starting of the engine, a choke by-pass valve, thermal means responsive to engine temperature for controlling the operation of said additional stop `means and said choke by-pass valve, a starting aasaese l motor circuit. a switch included 1n said swung being biased to closedmotor circuit, said switch I position and being arranged to be opened by said choke valve when the latter moves to open position, and means associated with said throttle valve for preventing the closing of said starting motor circuit during the runmng ot the engine.

13. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a carburetor choke valve responsive to the operation oi' the engine, a carburetor throttle valve, switch means 'connected in said starting motor circuit, said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke and throttle valves for controlling the completion and interruption of said starting motor circuit, and a thermostatically operated valve responsive to the engine temperature for by-passing said choke valve.

14. In an engine starting apparatus of the character described, a starting motor circuit, a car- A buretor choke valve responsive to the operation of the engine, a carburetor throttle valve, switch means connected in said starting motor circuit for controlling the completion and interruption of said circuit, one switch of said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke valve and another switch of said switch means being operable in response to movement of said throttle valve, said ilrst named switch being closed upon the closing of said choke valve and said second named switch being closed upon the partial closure of said throttle valve, and a thermostatically operated valve responsive to the engine temperature for by-passing said choke valve.

acter described, a starting motor circuit, carburetor choke operating means responsive to the operation of the engine, a carburetor throttle valve, and switch means connected in said starting motor circuit, said switch means being operable in response to movement of said choke operating means and said throttle valve for controlling the completion and interruption of said starting motor circuit. f

THOMAS D. JOECK.

l5. In an engine starting apparatus of the char- 

